SOME PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES AS PROMISING CANDIDATES FOR THE TREATMENT OF LUNG CANCER AND PANCREATIC CANCER

Introdution. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Russia and the world after cardiovascular diseases. Chemotherapy remains the main line of treatment, but tumor cells can become resistant to drugs. Researchers are working on new effective drugs, including secondary metabolites of plants that have antitumor effects through various mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic properties of three compounds: alkaloid P1, terpenoid P2, and flavonoid V1 against pancreatic cancer cell line AsPC-1 and non-small cell lung cancer H1299. Material and methods. Secondary metabolites of Petasites hybrydicus (L.) G. Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb. and Viscum album L. were extracted using tetrachloroethylene. For identification of the isolated compounds, high-performance liquid chromatography with mass detection and nuclear magnetic resonance method were used. Non-small cell lung cancer cell line H1299 and pancreatic cancer AsPC-1 were grown in RPMI1640 medium (Gibco, USA) supplemented with 10% FBS (HyClone, USA) and 1% glutamine (Biolot, Russia) under standard conditions. Cell sensitivity to the studied compounds was determined by MTT test. Results. All three compounds demonstrated antitumor activity against the studied cell lines. Compound V1 increased signs of mesenchymal cells morphology and apoptosis, with IC50 values of 234.24±21.56 μM (AsPC-1) and 565.62±84.31 μM (H1299). Compound P1 promoted multinucleated cell formation in H1299 culture. Half-inhibitory doses for P1 were 652.54±56.12 μM (AsPC-1) and 157.85±48.62 μM (H1299). Compound P2 induces cell apoptosis and necrosis and probably affects membrane rigidity. The IC50 values for P2 were 802.34±121.02 μM (AsPC-1) and 415.71±75.05 μM (H1299). Conclusions. These compounds can be considered promising antitumor agents for lung cancer and pancreatic cancer.