Experimental design and practice of fiber Mach-Zehnder interference

In the wave theory of light, the experiment of fiber optic Mach-Zehnder interference is an important experiment, which has the characteristics of complex experimental system and difficult interference adjustment. Based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer, this paper systematically studies the design and simulation of Mach-Zehnder experiment system for 650nm wavelength semiconductor laser source, and analyzes the coupling characteristics of semiconductor laser and single-mode fiber by using ZEMAX software, and tests the optical field distribution during the experiment. At the same time, the experiment of Mach-Zehnder interference of single mode fiber is realized.