Nutritional, phytochemistry, antioxidant, and antidiabetic potentials of Hippocratea velutina (Afzel.) leaves: In vitro, ex vivo and in silico studies

• Antioxidant activity of Hippocratea velutina (Afzel.) Leaves methanol extract. • Effect of Hippocratea velutina leaves methanol extract on the activity of purinergic enzymes in the iron-induce pancreatic damage. • In vitro and in silico antidiabetic studies on the emethanol extract and HPLC-identified constituents of Hippocratea velutina leaves methanol extract. Hippocratea velutina is a novel folk plant that is used for lowering blood glucose and is hence a potential source of new antidiabetic medication. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic and antidiabetic potential of the methanol extract of Hippocratea velutina leaves. The nutritional, elemental, and phytochemical properties of H. velutina leaves were investigated. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) scavenging ability, Fe 2+ chelation and nitric oxide scavenging abilities, FeSO 4 -induced pancreatic injury parameters such as catalase, GSH, ENTPase, Na/K ATPase activities, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities were used to assess the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of H. velutina leaf. Furthermore, HPLC-identified constituents of H. velutina leaf methanol extract were docked against human α-glucosidase (3TOP) and human α-amylase (1B2Y). The results revealed that H. velutina contains protein, crude fat, flavonoids, anthraquinones, magnesium, sodium, and iron. Compared with quercetin, H. velutina significantly scavenged NO • radicals and chelated Fe 2+ . H. velutina exhibited a greater inhibitory effect on FeSO 4 -induced pancreatic injury. Furthermore, H. velutina showed a dose-dependent increase in the activity of ENTPDase and the Na/K ATPase enzyme, and it also had a significantly greater inhibitory effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes than metformin. Computational study revealed that lutein showed the highest binding free energy to 3TOP, while apigenin offered the highest binding free energy to 1B2Y. Hippocratea velutina leaf possesses significant antioxidant and antidiabetic activities.