New insights of heat transfer in pistons and nozzles flow of graphene-transformer oil nanofluid: A differential transform method

This work aims to study heat transfer analysis in a squeezing flow problem of nanofluid. The flow between pistons and nozzles in an automobile engine is one industrial application where the knowledge of the squeezing flow plays a crucial role. The applied magnetic field has a longitudinal inclined angle that ranges from zero to ninety degrees. In addition, viscous dissipation, chemical reaction, and suction injection are taken into consideration. Graphene nanoparticles with transformer oil are considered for Tiwari-Das Model. The transformed system of nonlinear ODEs is solved using the differential transform method. The numerical findings of the skin friction coefficient, the Nusselt and the Sherwood numbers are assessed with previously available works for accuracy. The graphical findings for relevant parameters of all profiles are analyzed. It becomes apparent that the velocity and heat transfer in compressing flows are significantly influenced by the angle of the inclination of the magnetic field. The temperature of the nanofluid and the rate of the heat transfer are both improved in the existence of the viscous-dissipation and thermophoresis. The findings show that the temperature rises with increased Prandtl and Eckert numbers. Furthermore, when Brownian movements of nanoparticles take place, the rate of mass transfer decreases.