Effectiveness of trace elements and plant growth regulators in combination with mineral fertilizers in the cultivation of winter wheat and spring barley on sod-podzolic soil

In a long-term field experiment (61 years) on cultivated sod-podzolic loamy soil of the Central Non-Chernozem region high efficiency of the combined use of complexes of trace elements, growth regulators and mineral fertilizers was revealed. In this variant, the highest average yield for 2017– 2023 was formed for winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety – 80 c/ha and spring barley of the Vladimir variety – 60 c/ha at 40.1 and 33.8 c/ha, respectively, in the version without fertilizers. The use of microelement complexes Microel in 2017–2019 and Aquamix-ST in 2020–2023 provided an increase in the average yield of winter wheat compared to the background of mineral fertilizers by 12%, and spring barley by 8%. When introducing trace elements in combination with plant growth regulators (Melafen in 2017– 2019 and Zerebra-agro in 2020–2023), the yield increase was: winter wheat – 23%, spring barley – 18%, the payback of mineral fertilizers increased by 56–57%, and the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants – 1.5–1.7 times. The combined use of micronutrients, plant growth regulators and mineral fertilizers increased the protein content in winter wheat grain by 2.7%, crude gluten by 7.7%, and protein in barley grain by 2.1% compared to the control.