Potato yield empowerment by photosynthesis, carbon assimilation, and evapotranspiration

By the end of the twenty-first century, atmospheric CO₂ is expected to have increased from its current level of approximately 400 μmol CO₂ mol⁻¹ to approximately 700 μmol CO₂ mol⁻¹. A significant rise in atmospheric CO₂ concentration could have a global impact on crop output, photosynthetic efficiency, and plant development. The majority of C3 plant species will be benefited by the predicted rise of the atmospheric CO₂ concentration, especially through increased rates of photosynthesis and water use efficiency (WUE), which could ultimately improve plant biomass and yield. Potatoes are considered the world’s most popular non-cereal food in terms of global food security. Water stress has a significant impact on photosynthesis. Water deficit can prevent CO₂ absorbance from leaves and/or interfere with mesophyll cells' capacity to carboxylate CO₂, negatively affecting photosynthesis. Water shortage can lead to partial or whole leave stomata closure reducing the transpiration rates leading to low photosynthetic rate. Since potatoes are cultivated in a variety of climates, it's critical to comprehend how photosynthetic rate, gross primary productivity as a proxy of soil organic carbon, and actual evapotranspiration are correlated with yield productivity. In this study, satellite products of NASA’s MODIS are derived to gather the needed observations and a regression analysis is performed to identify the relations between yield and natural processes.