Spectral analysis and mapping of unregulated landfills in Varna, North-Еast planning region of Bulgaria

The Research, Innovation and Digitalisation Programme for Economic Transformation in Bulgaria is one of the tools to respond to the country’s strategic needs and priorities for the implementation of a common research and innovation development policy in favour of the country’s accelerated economic development. It also responds to the need to speed up the processes of public sector digitalisation and to build an enabling digital environment that ensures high-quality and secure exchange of information between different spheres of life and enhance the effects of their interaction1 . Developing a useful hybrid spectral analysis model to track climate change is the aim of this research. The subject of research is the dynamics tracked by the hybrid model for spectral analysis of unregulated landfills. For this purpose, a database of several identical climatic seasons (10 years) was created and processed to verify and validate the research based on satellite and in situ data. The study covers an example from NUTS2, the North East (BG33) planning region (under the Regional Development and Improvement Act). The generated data is of high value according to the European Commission. They are for a period of at least five years. The study of the unregulated landfills is of national importance and the selected events from the territory of Bulgaria have been studied and monitored through a complex approach based on satellite data and ground-based innovative spectrometric equipment through a mobile spectrometer and a thermal camera. Indices such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Differential Greenness Index (NDGI) and Tasseled cap transformation (TCT) are also applied. Data from Orthophoto, Landsat-9 OLI-2/TIRS-2, Sentinel 2MSI and Sentinel-3 SLTRS satellites were used. Data from Corine Land Cover 2018 Copernicus and Open data were also used in the study. Through this research, the data being generated for unregulated landfills can be supplemented and will be used to create of register and their use by various stakeholders.