Integrated application of geospatial technologies for digital twining of urbanized territories for microscale urban planning

In recent years, the planning and management of urban areas has undergone an increasingly profound process of digital transformation. This is directly linked to the concepts of digital geospatial twins and smart cities, which in turn place completely new demands on digital geospatial information, which is one of the main resources driving the digital transformation processes of modern cities. Last but not least, this precise geospatial information is also one of the important elements in dealing with the problems of climate change and the increasingly changing geographical environment in which modern cities are developing. Modern geo-information technologies and tools offer a wide range of opportunities, including those related to the provision of resources for effective urban planning. Nevertheless, the integration of these technological tools and the data they produce pose a number of challenges for both researchers and practitioners. This paper aims to explore the possibilities and analyze the opportunities for the augmentation of data obtained from digital photogrammetry by unmanned aerial systems with one of the most innovative and rapidly developing technologies, namely SLAM-based laser scanning. The integration between these tools has significant potential to provide high spatial resolution data, but also a number of outstanding issues, mostly related to their precise spatial referencing and integration in urban environments. This study presents and investigates a methodology for combining the application of SLAM laser scanning in urban environments georeferenced by control points from orthophotos collected by UAVs. This saves valuable time while providing the ability to quickly establish an efficient basis for the development of digital doubles of the urban environment for planning and land management purposes.