Precision viticulture using multiple sensors and aerial robotics (VITISENSE) for better financial outcomes and disease management practices

The deployment of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) are the newest and most versatile tools for input optimization in several agricultural sectors, including viticulture. This drone technology is characterized by high precision, flexibility and low operational costs. To monitor an area of 31.4 hectares with grapevines, we deployed a UAV equipped with highresolution hyperspectral camera RedEdge-M 5.5, to capture more than 3400 aerial images and provide a comprehensive overview of the vineyards. The flight plans were always registered on the Drone Aware – GR (DAGR) online system and the flights were performed according to National Aviation regulations and regulations of the International Civil Aviation Organization. The imagery obtained from drone facilitated the creation of detailed maps and 3D models of vineyards topography, aiding in site characterization and vineyard design. Furthermore, the associated software system was able to provide data for the determination of vegetation indices NDVI, SAVI, OSAVI, RDVI, EVI, PRI, MCARI, TCARI, ARI2, CRI2, WBI, enabling growers to detect early signs of stress, disease, or nutrient deficiencies. The ability to acquire data at different stages of the growing season facilitates informed decision-making, optimizing resource allocation and maximizing yield. The utilization of drones for capturing images of vine crops facilitated the management of spatial and temporal variability in the field. As technology continues to evolve, the integration of drones and advanced analytics holds promise for further optimizing grape production, sustainability, and profitability in the wine industry.