Efficient Bioconversion of Mango Waste into Ethanol Employing Plackett–Burman and Central Composite Models

The current study focuses on the idea of "Energy from Waste" that intends to address energy crises and manage waste. Fruit waste is one of the most common forms of organic waste due to its inedible portion and perishable nature. In Pakistani regions, an extensive amount of mango pulp (MP)/juice waste is produced due to excessive consumption during summers, which poses huge environmental challenges. The study aims at effective valorization of perishable waste and elimination of deteriorating waste that causes a polluting environment. Experimental work has been conducted to evaluate the sucrolytic potential of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> FA3 for the bioconversion of sucrose from mango waste into reducing sugars for ethanologenesis. The Plackett-Burman model was designed to analyze enzymatic hydrolytic parameters for sugar conversion. The model was significant for reducing sugars with <i>F</i> and <i>p</i> values of 43.99 and 0.0013 correspondingly. 11.43 ± 0.068 g/L maximum reducing sugars were analyzed in MP after hydrolysis with 12.58 IU of crude enzyme dosage of <i>B. cereus</i> FA3 at 30 °C within 5 days with a 22% enzyme conversion rate. Additionally, the ethanologenic potentials of experimental <i>Metschnikowia cibodasensis</i> Y34 and standard <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> K7 yeasts were investigated from mango hydrolyzate when subjected to central composite design as a statistical optimization tool. These findings exhibited significantly higher response outcomes and good development for waste management.