COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF LIPID PROFILE COMPONENTS AND THEIR ROLE IN CARDIOVASCULAR RISK ASSESSMENT IN PATIENTS ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN SOUTH GUJARAT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with unfavourable lipid profiles recognized as a critical risk factor.Aim and Objective:This study aims to investigate the role of lipid profiles in cardiovascular risk assessment among patients attending a tertiary care hospital in South Gujarat. Methodology This cross-sectional study,conducted in 160 participants selected purposively from June 1st to June 30th,aimed to assess lipid profile abnormalities in adults aged 18 and older.Participants were included if they had complete lipid profile tests (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides) and provided informed consent. Exclusions applied to those with incomplete results, acute cardiovascular conditions, recent myocardial infarction, or secondary dyslipidaemia. Statistical analysis was performed using MS Excel (Version 21) and SPSS software (Version 26). Results: The study found a mean total cholesterol level of 220 mg/dL among participants,with significant correlations identified between high LDL cholesterol and hypertension (r = 0.42, p < 0.01), low HDL cholesterol and a sedentary lifestyle (r = -0.35, p < 0.05), and elevated triglycerides and diabetes (r = 0.40,p < 0.01).However,no significant associations were observed between lipid levels and factors such as gender, physical activity, and age. Conclusion: The findings reveal a high prevalence of dyslipidaemia linked to cardiovascular risk factors.This underscores the need for targeted public health interventions in South Gujarat. Further research is required to explore additional variables affecting cardiovascular health in this group.