Carbon curing of concrete: process overview and concrete properties

In response to the pressing problem of climate change caused by high greenhouse gas emissions from industrial processes, the European Union has set itself ambitious targets with the European Green Deal to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The cement industry alone is responsible for 5 to 7 % of these emissions. One of the EU’s strategies to reduce uncontrolled CO2 emissions is the capture and utilisation of CO2. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the carbon curing process, focussing on the mechanical properties and durability of carbon cured concrete. It examines the effects of various parameters such as CO2 concentration, exposure time and concrete mix composition on optimising these properties to improve the process and effectively control changes in the properties of concrete products.