The potential contribution of Indonesian fishing vessels in reducing Green House gas emission

In common practices, fishing vessels' Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission is a part of the energy sector. Annual series data show Indonesian fishing vessels are growing by more than 18,000 units/year, dominated by fishing vessels with a tonnage of less than 30 GT. A ′bottom-up' approach was applied to develop low-carbon fishing activity practices to contribute to GHG emission reduction. This study focuses on a GHG inventory of fishing vessels managed by local and central Governments, using data from fishing permits and vessel monitoring systems from 2010 to 2018. The result is expected to act as the baseline for estimating emissions of fishing vessels up to 2030. The model predicted it could be reduced in 2030 by up to 6.43 E+07 tons CO2eq (68%) for fishing vessels with a size of less than 30 GT and up to 5.80E+06 tons CO2eq (84.5%) for a larger size of fishing vessels, respectively. To achieve further mitigation targets, mixing diesel oil using 30% biodiesel should be implemented progressively by 10% annually from 2021. Concerning fisher welfare after 2015, it shows a positive trend along with energy efficiency, and it can be concluded that strategies to improve the energy efficiency of active fishing vessels should be considered urgent.