Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Position Statement: Breastfeeding in Emergencies

<b><i>Background:</i></b> During emergencies, including natural disasters and armed conflict, breastfeeding is critically important. Breastfeeding provides reliable nutrition and protection against infectious diseases, without the need for clean water, feeding implements, electricity, or external supplies. <b><i>Key Information:</i></b> Protection, promotion, and support of breastfeeding should be an integral part of all emergency preparedness plans. Breastfeeding specialists should be part of plan development. Emergency protocols should include breastfeeding specialists among emergency relief personnel, provide culturally sensitive environments for breastfeeding, and prioritize caregivers of infants in food/water distribution. Emergency relief personnel should be aware that dehydration and missed feedings can impact milk production, but stress alone does not. Emergency support should focus on keeping mothers and infants together and providing private and/or protected spaces for mothers to breastfeed or express milk. Emergency support should also focus on rapidly identifying mothers with breastfeeding difficulties and breastfeeding mothers and infants who are separated, so their needs can be prioritized. Breastfeeding support should be available to all women experiencing difficulties, including those needing reassurance. Nonbreastfed infants should be identified as a priority group requiring support. Relactation, wet-nursing, and donor milk should be considered for nonbreastfed infants. No donations of commercial milk formula (CMF), feeding bottles or teats, or breast pumps should be accepted in emergencies. The distribution of CMF must be highly controlled, provided only when infants cannot be breastfed and accompanied by a comprehensive package of support. <b><i>Recommendations:</i></b> Protecting, promoting, and supporting breastfeeding should be included in all emergency preparedness planning and in training of personnel.