A Mathematical Approach for Stability Analysis of MHD Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching Sheet with Thermal Dispersion and Variable Viscosity

Incorporating thermal dispersion and variable viscosity effects, the stability analysis of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanofluid flow and heat transfer over a stretching sheet is performed in this article on the basis of comprehensive mathematical framework. This study deals with important features of MHD nanofluid dynamics, stressing the effect of viscosity variation on the stability and flow attributes. Governing equations including both momentum and thermal energy transfer are developed, then non-dimensionalized to expose the important dimensionless numbers. Linear stability analysis is used to find the critical conditions of flow, under which the flow is seen stable. Heat transfer efficiency is evaluated while accounting for thermal dispersion, and interacting with variations in viscosity. Controlled stability equations solved using eigenvalue analysis and numerical methods yield critical values for several parameters. These findings are crucial with regard to the important influence of thermal dispersion and variable viscosity in improving its stability for several practical industrial devices like cooling systems, energy storage units as well as types of manufacturing industries involving advanced technologies. This research has extended the understanding of the stability analysis for low-Prandtl-number MHD nanofluid flows, which could be helpful to develop ways by means of simpler and effective controlling when designing heat transfer devices.