Comparison of Intravenous Lignocaine and Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Stress Response to Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation

Objective: To compare the efficacy of Lignocaine and Dexmedetomidine in minimizing the hemodynamic stress response associated with laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Study Design: quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anesthesiology, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from Jul 2020 to Feb 2021. Methodology: A total of 60 patients, aged 18-55 years were included in this study. They were randomly allocated to one of two groups. Group-L received intravenous Lignocaine, 1.5 mg/kg. Group-D received Dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg as intravenous infusion 10 minutes before induction. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were monitored at basal, pre-induction, induction, laryngoscopy and intubation and 1, 3, 5 and 10 minutes afterwards. Results: Significantly reduced stress response was seen in Group-D as compared to Group-L. A lesser increase in heart rate was observed during intubation as compared to basal level in Group-D (14.14%) while it was 37.66% in Group-L. MAP was also seen to be less increased in Group-D (1.07 %) as compared to Group-L (22.6%). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine, when infused at a dose of 1 mcg/kg over 10 min prior to intubation, attenuates the hemodynamic stress response more efficiently, in comparison to 1.5 mg/kg of Lignocaine infusion.