Human Cardiac Organoids: Quantification and Qualification in Cardiovascular Studies

Review Human Cardiac Organoids: Quantification and Qualification in Cardiovascular Studies Yingjuan Liu, Sabu Abraham, and Honglin Xu * Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK. * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 4 April 2024; Revised: 29 May 2024; Accepted: 29 May 2024; Published: 29 August 2024 Abstract: The human cardiac organoids (hCOs) represent a three-dimensional (3D) tissue model that mirrors in vivo cardiac conditions. Recent advancements underscore the immense potential of hCOs in several areas including studying early cardiogenesis, modeling heart diseases, screening potential drugs, and even exploring possibilities for cardiac regeneration. Recognizing the pivotal role hCOs play across various applications, this review examines the evolution of key metrics and tools for assessing cardiac organoids tailored for diverse research objectives. Moreover, it deliberates on the limitations of cardiac organoids and outlines the prospective avenues for future research applications of hCOs.