Brief Version of Chinese Society of Cardiology Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult Fulminant Myocarditis

Review Brief Version of Chinese Society of Cardiology Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult Fulminant Myocarditis Hongyang Shu, Chen Chen, Luyun Wang, Jiangang Jiang and Daowen Wang * Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 3 April 2024; Revised: 6 June 2024; Accepted: 25 June 2024; Published: 20 August 2024 Abstract: Fulminant myocarditis is an acute and severe diffuse inflammatory disease of the heart with a high mortality rate. Its pathogenesis is driven by overactivation of the innate immunity and inflammatory storms. Based on China’s practical experience, the clinical guidelines for the management of the disease recommend adoption of a “life support-based comprehensive treatment regimen” which comprises mechanical circulatory support and immunomodulatory therapy at optimized doses of glucocorticoids and immunoglobin rather than immunosuppression to improve survival rates and long-term prognosis. The application experience of this treatment regimen in China provides evidence upon which the guidelines are formulated. This regimen emphasizes the importance of early identification, diagnosis, prediction, and treatment in patients with fulminant myocarditis. This is a brief introduction of the guidelines.