Active Engagement: The Impact of Group-Based Physical Activities on the Resilience of Israeli Adolescents with ADHD

<b>Background:</b> Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a pressing concern in pediatric public health, with its prevalence rising among children and teenagers. This study explored the relationship between group-based physical activity and the well-being, resilience, and distress levels of Israeli youth, with a specific focus on those with ADHD symptoms. <b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study surveyed 699 Israeli teenagers, assessing their participation in three types of physical activities: unorganized, structured, and the "Five Fingers" program. Data were collected through an online platform and analyzed using ANOVA, <i>t</i>-tests, and multivariable regression models to identify predictors of resilience. <b>Results</b>: Structured, group-based sport activities are associated with higher resilience (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and lower distress (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in adolescents. Adolescents with ADHD symptoms exhibited lower resilience (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and well-being (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and higher distress (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, those with ADHD symptoms who participated in group-based activities fared better in terms of distress (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and well-being (<i>p</i> = 0.018) than those who did not. Participation in any sport activity, older age, male gender, and a higher socio-economic status predicted greater resilience in youth, generally. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study presents the potential of structured physical activities that involve psychosocial and group integration training to improve the mental health of adolescents, especially in the context of ADHD symptoms.