Despair and Hope in Nonsense: A Study of the Subcultural Ritual of YouthTaking "Crazy Literature" as an Example

In the era of intelligent communication, the phenomenon of folk discourse production in online society is increasingly common. From the initial roaring style to the prevalent crazy literature today, various so-called internet literature emerges endlessly, becoming a media spectacle and also giving various forms of expression to the subculture of despair. Although crazy literature belongs to the category of the subcultural ritual of despair, those who are despairing are not despairing. Young people release emotions in despair through hysterical nonsense, and seek hope by establishing emotional connections with others in the same circle. This paper analyzes crazy literature from the perspective of interactive ritual chains, explores the formation mechanism of discourse carnival, and reveals the cultural symptoms behind crazy literature, providing a pathway for understanding crazy literature and the culture of despair.