Adapting to the acidic environment of the NP: RADA16-PLGA (TGF-β3) induces chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs

<b>Aim:</b> RADA16-PLGA composite scaffolds constructed with simultaneous loading of BMSCs and TGF-β3 and explored their ability for chondrogenic differentiation <i>in vitro</i>.<b>Methods:</b> The performance of the composite scaffolds is assessed by rheometer assay, electron microscopic structural observation and ELISA release assay. The biosafety of the composite scaffolds is assessed by cytocompatibility assay and cell migration ability. The chondrogenic differentiation ability of composite scaffolds is evaluated by Alisin blue staining, PCR and immunofluorescence staining.<b>Results:</b> The composite scaffold has a good ECM-like structure, the ability to control the release of TGF-β3 and good biocompatibility. More importantly, the composite scaffolds can induce the differentiation of BMSCs to chondrocytes.<b>Conclusion:</b> Composite scaffolds are expected to enhance the endogenous NP repair process.