Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from Cranberry and Highbush Blueberry Plantations on Former Peat Extraction Fields Compared to Active Peat Extraction Fields and Pristine Peatlands in Latvia

Emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4), particularly those from organic soils, need to be reduced in the context of climate change mitigation (CCM). Here, we estimated the greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from nutrient-poor organic soils in cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) and highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) plantations established on former peat extraction fields compared to active peat extraction fields and pristine raised bogs in Latvia. A two-year study (2016–2018) was conducted using the manual closed chamber method. In berry plantations and active peat extraction fields, annual net CO2 fluxes contributed the most to total GHG emissions, accounting for over 67%, and temperature had the most significant impact on CO2 fluxes. Conversely, annual CH4 fluxes were the primary contributor to total net GHG emissions in the pristine raised bog, which simultaneously acted as a slight CO2 sink. N2O fluxes were relatively low among all studied land use types. This study provided quantitative insights into the variation in GHG fluxes and the environmental variables influencing them, and the obtained data are valuable to estimate the impact of the establishment of berry plantations on former peat extraction fields on CCM in the hemiboreal region of Europe.