Factors associated with asthma control case of the city of Guelmim in southern Morocco: Honey and other factors

Context: Asthma is a growing health problem worldwide, including Africa and Morocco, triggered by environmental factors and allergens. Aims: To investigate the factors influencing asthma control. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted in the city of Guelmim, southern Morocco, during the year 2023. It included 118 patients with asthma, and health professionals administered a questionnaire based on the recommendations of the Global Asthma Initiative 2021. Results: Age between 38 and 48 years, non-smoking status, and living in a sunny, ventilated house were negatively associated with uncontrolled asthma and acted as protective factors. The absence of a history of COVID-19, strong adherence to treatment and the use of natural honey combined with medic-inal plants were negatively associated with uncontrolled asthma. The presence of comorbidities, allergic rhinitis, hypertension, gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), dyspnea, and nocturnal cough were identified as risk factors for uncontrolled asthma. In multivariate analysis, age 38 to 48 years (adjusted OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.33 to 1.20), ventilated and sunny homes (adjusted OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.33 to 2.10), no exposure to air pollutants (adjusted OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 0.50-6. 85), high adherence to treatment (adjusted OR: 0. 10, 95% CI: 0.10-1.20), comor-bidities (adjusted OR: 2.74, 95% CI: 0.99-10.22), COPD and use of natural honey combined with herbs (adjusted OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.5-3.45) remained significantly associated with asthma control. Conclusions: The study highlights the need for comprehensive asthma management strategies that include medical treatment, socioeconomic factors, and environmental exposures.