Patient with Atezolizumab-induced Encephalitis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A 65-year-old man treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma was admitted to our hospital with a fever, difficulty in moving, and aphasia. The patient became comatose immediately after admission. Imaging and cerebral fluid tests revealed no evidence of malignancy or infection. A diagnosis of atezolizumab-induced encephalitis was made, and steroid pulse therapy was initiated on admission, immediately after which the patient regained consciousness and was able to talk and walk. He was discharged with slight paralysis of his legs and was able to resume chemotherapy. An early diagnosis and treatment are required to improve the prognosis of encephalitis.