Solid-State Oxide Fuel Cells

Solid-State Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is an efficient energy conversion device that directly covers fuel's chemical energy into electricity. With a high energy conversion efficiency, it is not limited by the Carnot cycle. Fuel adaptability is wide, clean and pollution-free, all solid structure, do not use precious metal catalyst and other advantages. It is of great significance to achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality target in China. However, there are some problems, mainly including: conductivity, relatively low conductivity of medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cells, which limits the performance of batteries, sintering, cost, and stability. To improve the conductivity, researchers are exploring different material combinations and doping strategies to optimize the crystal structure and chemical composition of the electrolyte. Finally, the importance of the electrolyte, the role of the oxygen vacancy, the influence of the doping elements, and the balance of the performance and the cost are drawn.