Leak Localization Using Autoencoders and Shapley Values

This study outlines the use of a game theoretic approach for preliminary leak localization in water distribution networks. The proposed method consists of an autoencoder model at its core, trained to reconstruct input pressure signals recorded during nominal operation. Any significant change in the signal reconstructions is attributed to the presence of leaks and is determined by tracking statistical discrepancies using a sliding-window changepoint detection technique. Consequently, Shapley values are computed to identify the most influential sensors and approximate localization. With this approach, abrupt leaks were estimated within the 100 m radius and for incipient leaks at high flow rates.