Study of Seasonal Variations in the Physical-chemical Features of the Cauvery Estuary, Southeast Coast of India

Water is a vital element of the environment, supporting life on Earth and being necessary for all living creatures to live. Between rivers and the ocean, estuaries are places with distinctive ecological traits, an abundance of flora and fauna, and a crucial role in hydrological processes and biodiversity. The biological and physico-chemical aspects of aquatic habitats are intertwined. Investigating seasonal fluctuations in the physico-chemical characterisation of the east coast Cauvery estuary in Tamil Nadu is the goal of the current study. The Cauvery Estuary’s physical and chemical properties are known and have an effect on the estuary. Seasonal fluctuations in the climatic and physico-chemical parameters pH, DO, ammonium, nitrate, BOD, sodium, chloride, sulfate, and fluoride content were noted in the waters of the Cauvery estuary. In the future, research on the ecology, biodiversity, and cultural aspects of the estuary species, as well as the determination of the permissible limit for fisheries and aquatic life, may benefit greatly from the initial data on the physical and chemical properties of the Cauvery estuary. In order to protect the Cauvery Estuary, conservation initiatives are started in collaboration with local non-governmental organizations after a thorough understanding of the various factors influencing these ecosystems is obtained.