First Data on the Structure and Lithological Composition of the Kola Fjord (Bay) Deposits Section

Studying the materials from drilling of engineering-geological wells and other data the structure of a sedimentary cover of the Kola fjord on its total thickness is for the first time lighted. The characteristics of the structure and lithological composition of a section of deposits, and the main forms of a relief of the underlying crystalline substrate are provided. Situations of the formation of deposits and the graben structure of the gulf are considered. It is noted that the deglaciation has served as the trigger mechanism that has started processes of the differentiated block uplift, development of fracture, and a fault formation which has caused initial “exogenous” phases of neotectonic destruction of crust. The horizontal movements have led to the stretching of the earth’s crust and separation of blocks with a graben formation in Kola Bay according to the authors with the influence of stress fields coming from developing young oceanic spreading basins.