Addressing patient concerns: Exploring Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) in primary care: Review of the literature

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is a proven treatment for severe mental health disorders, yet it remains misunderstood and stigmatized.This review explores ECT's historical context, mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and safety to address patient concerns and enhance primary care acceptance.ECT has evolved significantly since its early 20th-century origins, now employing advanced techniques that reduce cognitive and cardiac risks.The therapy works through neurochemical and neurophysiological changes, including controlled seizures that modulate neurotransmitter systems and neuroplasticity.ECT demonstrates high efficacy in treatment-resistant depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, with response rates for severe depression up to 90%.Recent FDA reclassification of ECT devices to Class II highlights its safety.Dispelling misconceptions about ECT is crucial for improving patient outcomes and expanding access to this essential therapy in primary care settings.