New Strong Gravitational Lenses from the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys Data Release 9
Abstract We have conducted a search for strong gravitational lensing systems in the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Legacy Imaging Surveys Data Release 9. This is the third paper in a series. These surveys together cover ∼19,000 deg 2 visible from the Northern Hemisphere, reaching a z -band AB magnitude of ∼22.5. We use a deep residual neural network, trained on a compilation of known lensing systems and high-grade candidates as well as nonlenses in the same footprint. After applying our trained neural network to the survey data, we visually inspect and rank images with probabilities above a threshold which has been chosen to balance precision and recall. We have found 1895 lens candidates, of which 1512 are identified for the first time. Combining the discoveries from this work with those from Papers I (335) and II (1210), we have discovered a total of 3057 new candidates in the Legacy Surveys.
Authors
- Dustin Lang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1172-0754)
- S. Banka
- Julio Reyes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8667-763X)
- Xiaosheng Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-0330)
- David J. Schlegel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088)
- K. J. Kwon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9802-362X)
- S. Tabares-Tarquinio
- Christopher Storfer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0385-0014)
- William Sheu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-0227)
- Abhay Jain (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2457-8144)
- Edward F. Schlafly (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3569-7421)
- Arjun T. Dey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4928-4003)
- Aaron Meisner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-7384)
- John Moustakas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2733-4559)
- Andi Gu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2748-7333)
- Victor Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6283-978X)
- Adam D. Myers
Publication Details
- Journal
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
- Published
- 2024-09-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad527e
- Citations
- 16
- Primary Topic
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 5.30
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- University of Pennsylvania
- Ohio State University
- University of Chicago
- University of Portsmouth
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center
- University College London
- University of Sussex
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Office of Science
- Science and Technology Facilities Council
- High Energy Physics
- Integrated Electronics Engineering Center, Binghamton University
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Fermilab
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory