Needs and Influencing Factors of Later Life Education Programs for Rural Middle-Aged and Older Adults : Focusing on Gender Differences

This study aimed to determine the need for gender-specific retirement programs by analyzing requirements of middle-aged adults living in rural areas. Secondary data analysis was conducted for 647 middle-aged adults (40-59 years old) living in rural areas of Jeollanam-do and Jeollabuk-do, Korea. Program needs and participation intentions of middle-aged adults were analyzed for the following categories: life design, mental and physical health, economic life, leisure life, and family life. Results of analysis showed that the greatest need for senior living programs for rural middle-aged adults was in the area of mental and physical health, with women having higher needs and stronger intentions to participate than men. Regression analysis indicated that, intention to participate in retirement education programs had the greatest impact on program demand for both genders. However, the influence of sociodemographic characteristics differed by gender. For women, educational attainment and home ownership emerged as significant factors, whereas number of children and subjective economic status were key considerations. for man, Notably, men with more children and a greater economic burden exhibited higher demand in life planning and economic management domains, while women with higher education levels demonstrated a stronger demand for overall retirement preparedness. This study highlights the need to create gender-specific, customized programs by identifying needs of middle-aged adults living in rural areas. It also reveals the need for a comprehensive support system that can address financial readiness, mental health, leisure activities, and family dynamics, among other aspects of old age preparation.