Correlation of Vitamin D Levels with Severity of Asthma in Children Between 6 to 12 Years

Background: Millions of children worldwide suffer from chronic asthma, a serious respiratory disease that has a major influence on everyday living and health outcomes. There are significant public health concerns regarding the estimated 10-15% frequency of asthma in children in India. Vitamin D, which is recognized for its immunomodulatory qualities, according to recent studies reduces the severity. In this study, children aged 6 to 12 years old's vitamin D levels and the severity of their asthma were examined. Materials and Methods: At a tertiary care teaching hospital, 100 children between the ages of 6 and 12 who were presenting with acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma were the subjects of a prospective cohort study from August 2021 to August 2022. ELISA was used to evaluate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, and the GINA recommendations were used to determine the severity of asthma. Based on their levels of vitamin D, the kids were divided into three groups: sufficient (>30 ng/mL), insufficient (20–30 ng/mL), and deficient (<20 ng/mL). Children who were deficient in vitamin D were given supplements and monitored for three months. With SPSS 27, statistical analysis was carried out. Findings: The results of the study showed a strong correlation between increased asthma severity and inadequate asthma control and reduced vitamin D levels. Children with the most acute and uncontrollably asthmatic episodes were those with low vitamin D levels (<20 ng/mL). Significant improvements in asthma control, decreased activity limits, and decreased need for rescue medication were noted after three months of vitamin D administration. Conclusion: This study shows a clear link between children's asthma control issues and higher asthma severity when there is a vitamin D Deficiency. Supplementing with vitamin D significantly improved asthma outcomes, indicating a possible therapeutic role for this nutrient. Future studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are recommended to validate these findings and further elucidate the underlying mechanisms.