SN 2022oqm: A Bright and Multipeaked Calcium-rich Transient
Abstract We present the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2022oqm, a nearby multipeaked hydrogen- and helium-weak calcium-rich transient (CaRT). SN 2022oqm was detected 13.1 kpc from its host galaxy, the face-on spiral galaxy NGC 5875. Extensive spectroscopic coverage reveals an early hot ( T ≥ 40,000 K) continuum and carbon features observed ∼1 day after discovery, SN Ic-like photospheric-phase spectra, and strong forbidden calcium emission starting 38 days after discovery. SN 2022oqm has a relatively high peak luminosity ( M B = −17 mag) for CaRTs, making it an outlier in the population. We determine that three power sources are necessary to explain the light curve (LC), with each corresponding to a distinct peak. The first peak is powered by an expanding blackbody with a power-law luminosity, suggesting shock cooling by circumstellar material (CSM). Subsequent LC evolution is powered by a double radioactive decay model, consistent with two sources of photons diffusing through optically thick ejecta. From the LC, we derive an ejecta mass and 56 Ni mass of ∼0.6 M ⊙ and ∼0.09 M ⊙ . Spectroscopic modeling ∼0.6 M ⊙ of ejecta, and with well-mixed Fe-peak elements throughout. We discuss several physical origins for SN 2022oqm and find either a surprisingly massive white dwarf progenitor or a peculiar stripped envelope model could explain SN 2022oqm. A stripped envelope explosion inside a dense, hydrogen- and helium-poor CSM, akin to SNe Icn, but with a large 56Ni mass and small CSM mass could explain SN 2022oqm. Alternatively, helium detonation on an unexpectedly massive white dwarf could also explain SN 2022oqm.
Authors
- R. J. Foley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2445-5275)
- Christa Gall (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8526-3963)
- I Bíró (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9061-2147)
- Thomas de Boer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5486-2747)
- N. Khetan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-8904)
- S. K. Yadavalli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0840-6940)
- Henry Zhou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2093-6960)
- J. Vinko
- J. C. Wheeler (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1349-6538)
- C. R. Angus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4269-7999)
- Yossef Zenati (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0632-8897)
- V. A. Villar
- Luca Izzo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9695-8472)
- Katie Auchettl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4449-9152)
- Grace Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7823-2627)
- Zsofia R. Bodola
- D. Bánhidi
Institutions
- Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Published
- 2024-09-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad5a7c
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.33
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Aarhus Universitet
- Villum Fonden
- National Centre for Supercomputing Applications
- Space Telescope Science Institute
- Heising-Simons Foundation
- European Commission
- Queen's University Belfast
- Queen's University
- Hungarian Scientific Research Fund
- Nuclear Safety and Security Commission
- Magyar Tudományos Akadémia
- Universitetet i Oslo
- Háskóli Íslands
- Turun Yliopisto
- Stockholms Universitet
- Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Science and Technology Facilities Council
- Agencia Estatal de Investigación
- Nemzeti Kutatási, Fejlesztési és Innovaciós Alap
- National Research, Development and Innovation Office