Zinc Oxide–Based Grätzel Cells Employing Anthocyanin Dye Sensitizers Emphasizing Environmental Sustainability

ABSTRACT This research is centered on the investigation of a dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with a particular focus on the utilization of anthocyanin as a sensitizing agent, in conjunction with zinc oxide (ZnO) and lithium‐doped ZnO aggregates. A notable feature of this study is its emphasis on employing cost‐effective materials in the fabrication process, aligning with the quest for sustainable and economically viable solar cell technologies. This study explores a DSSC, specifically employing anthocyanin as a sensitizer, along with ZnO and lithium‐doped ZnO aggregates. The fabrication utilizes cost‐effective materials. The research delves into morphological studies of both ZnO and its doped counterpart. Fourier transform infrared spectra were recorded for both crude and purified dyes extracted from purple cabbage. The current density–voltage profile highlights superior power conversion efficiency in the DSSC using purified dye from purple cabbage sensitized with lithium‐doped ZnO semiconductor. Overall, these experimental findings underscore the potential of anthocyanin pigments for efficient energy conversion within the realm of renewable energy technologies. By employing low‐cost materials and thoroughly investigating the morphological and spectroscopic properties of the involved components, this research contributes to the ongoing efforts in advancing clean and sustainable solar cell technologies, thereby paving the achievement of environmental sustainability.