Dark energy effects on surface gravitational redshift and Keplerian frequency of neutron stars

Abstract Research on the properties of neutron stars with dark energy is a particularly interesting yet unresolved problem in astrophysics. We analyze the influence of dark energy on the equation of state, the maximum mass, the surface gravitational redshift and the Keplerian frequency for the traditional neutron star and the hyperon star matter within the relativistic mean field theory, using the GM1 and TM1 parameter sets by considering the two flavor symmetries of SU(6) and SU(3) combined with the observations of PSR J1614-2230, PSR J0348+0432, PSR J0030+0451, RX J0720.4-3125, and 1E 1207.4-5209. It is found that the existence of dark energy leads to the softened equations of the state of the traditional neutron star and the hyperon star. The radius of a fixed-mass traditional neutron star (or hyperon star) with dark energy becomes smaller, which leads to increased compactness. The existence of dark energy can also enhance the surface gravitational redshift and the Keplerian frequency of traditional neutron stars and hyperon stars. The growth of the Keplerian frequency may cause the spin rate to speed up, which may provide a possible way to understand and explain the pulsar glitch phenomenon. Specifically, we infer that the mass and the surface gravitational redshift of PSR J1748-2446ad without dark energy for the GM1 (TM1) parameter set are 1.141 M ⊙ (1.309 M ⊙ ) and 0.095 (0.105), respectively. The corresponding values for the GM1 (TM1) parameter set are 0.901 M ⊙ (1.072 M ⊙ ) and 0.079 (0.091) if PSR J1748-2446ad contains dark energy with α = 0.05. PSR J1748-2446ad may be a low-mass pulsar with a lower surface gravitational redshift under our selected models.