Integrated Environmental Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Strategies for Coastal Areas under Sustainable Development

This research focuses on the holistic management and environmental vulnerability of coastal areas in Taiwan within the framework of sustainable development. With economic and social growth gravitating towards coastal regions, the strain on the natural environment is increasing. Therefore, discovering a balance between economic progress and environmental conservation is paramount. To decipher the vulnerability of Taiwan's coastal zones, this study first defines ‘Integrated Environmental Vulnerability of Coastal Areas.’Key vulnerability factors were identified across environmental, social, and economic dimensions. Seven core determinants were determined using the Fuzzy Delphi method: biodiversity, coastal erosion, water pollution, population density, population aging, land utilization, and infrastructure. The weights for each determinant and dimension were determined through the Analytical Hierarchy Process, forming an assessment model for integrated environmental vulnerability. This model, integrated with Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, was used to create vulnerability maps. When applied to a pilot region, the model showed a significant overlap between high vulnerability zones and areas of environmental degradation and developmental stagnation, validating its efficacy and rationale. Based on these findings, appropriate adaptation strategies for varying vulnerability zones were proposed to offer insight into coastal management departments and achieve Taiwan’s vision for sustainable coastal development.