CORRELATION ENTRE LES PARAMETRES DE MYCORHIZATIONET LES METAUX LOURDS DANS UN CHAMP EXPERIMENTAL DE TOMATE DANS LA REGION DE SAGUIA, SUD-OUEST NIAMEY

The use of mineralfertilizersat the local levelis the basis of soil pollution in Niger, adding to the aridity in the Sahel. The objective of thisstudyis to analyze the correlationbetweenmycorrhizationparameters and heavymetals in the experimentaltomatofield in the study area of Sguia, southwest Niamey. The experimentaldeviceis a Ficher block with 48 plots, thensoil and rootletsampleswerecollected and analyzed in the mycologylaboratory by the methods of extraction of spores of arbsclairemycorrhizalfungi (CMA) and those of mycorrhizationparameter analyses. Total heavymetals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr) weremeasuredafteracid digestion (HF + HNO3) withmicrowaves of crushedsoils. For data processing, the Pearson test and the principal component analysis (PCA) test wereapplied. The resultsobtained show that the correlationbetween the differentgenera of spores (Glommusspp.,Gigasporaspp. and Scutellosporaspp.) isverystrongwith a positive interaction, but between the genera of spores and heavymetals, thiscorrelationisveryweak. The linearcorrelation test showed a verystrongcorrelation in the positive direction between all the mycorrhizalparameters. Thenbetween the CMA spores and someheavymetalsincludingcopper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr). It appearsthat the soilsstudied are not contaminated by pollutants.