Flame stabilization and emission reduction: a comprehensive study on the influence of swirl velocity in hydrogen fuel-based burner design

Purpose This study aims to numerically analyse a full-scale burner across a wide range of operating pressure conditions and determine the effect of swirl velocity on flame stabilization, flame holding and combustion performance. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a numerical analysis approach to investigate a three-dimensional full-scale burner. Modified governing equations are used to determine the effect of swirl velocity on flame stabilization and flame holding. The GR-Mech 3.0 chemical reaction mechanism is used to predict the combustion process. To validate the model, a grid independence study is performed. Findings The study reveals that swirl velocity enhances flame stability, resulting in better combustion rates. As the swirl velocity increases, higher flame temperatures are observed due to high convective heat recirculation. The heat transfer coefficient and high radiative extinction coefficient are found to vary based on fuel swirl velocity. The mass fraction of CH 4 and CO emphasizes the role of swirl velocity on flame structure. Increasing velocity potentially improves combustion by delaying the process, leading to better combustion and lower emissions. Originality/value The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of swirl-stabilized combustion and can guide the development of advanced combustion technologies, making it a valuable addition to the existing combustion field.