Visual Deprivation’s Impact on Dynamic Posture Control of Trunk: A Comprehensive Sensing Information Analysis of Neurophysiological Mechanisms

Visual information affects static postural control, but how it affects dynamic postural control still needs to be fully understood. This study investigated the effect of proprioception weighting, influenced by the presence or absence of visual information, on dynamic posture control during voluntary trunk movements. We recorded trunk movement angle and angular velocity, center of pressure (COP), electromyographic, and electroencephalography signals from 35 healthy young adults performing a standing trunk flexion-extension task under two conditions (Vision and No-Vision). A random forest analysis identified the 10 most important variables for classifying the conditions, followed by a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results showed lower maximum forward COP displacement and trunk flexion angle, and faster maximum flexion angular velocity in the No-Vision condition. Additionally, the alpha/beta ratio of the POz during the switch phase was higher in the No-Vision condition. These findings suggest that visual deprivation affects cognitive- and sensory-integration-related brain regions during movement phases, indicating that sensory re-weighting due to visual deprivation impacts motor control. The effects of visual deprivation on motor control may be used for evaluation and therapeutic interventions in the future.