Antimicrobial activity of nanoemulsion containing <i>Moringa oleifera</i> seed protein

Plant-based antimicrobial substances have been recognized as antimicrobial agents. These peptides demonstrate antimicrobial properties against a wide range of pathogens. This study reports the efficacy of <i>Moringa oleifera </i>nanoemulsion as an antimicrobial. <i>M. oleifera </i>seed was defatted and the protein was extracted from the grounded seed, characterized, and formulated into nanoemulsions by spontaneous nanoemulsification. This method is economically and environmentally safe as the components of nanoemulsion are biodegradable. The formulation was evaluated for particle size, viscosity, pH, antimicrobial activity, and kill time assay. The nanoemulsion was nanosized (43.440 nm - 74.430 nm) with increased encapsulation efficiency in a dose-dependent manner and a suitable pH (5.91 ± 0.01 to 6.14 ± 0.01), excellent dynamic viscosity (32 ± 7 to 39 ± 0). The antimicrobial and minimum inhibitory concentration study displayed a wide range of effectiveness on <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, the time-kill assay showed moderate biocidal activity. Therefore, <i>M. oleifera </i>seed protein nanoemulsion has the potential to act as antimicrobial.