An Encompassing Review on Therapeutic Targets, Therapies and Nanostructure Based Formulations for Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex inflammatory skin disease that frequently develops in childhood and can last into adulthood. It can be very painful and harm a person's quality of life. The exact cause of atopic dermatitis is not fully known but is believed to be a combination of genetic disorders and environmental factors. Currently used drugs in the treatment are topical corticosteroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors. This comprehensive review summarizes the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis, therapeutic targets, current treatment, newer and emerging therapies in AD treatment, and the role of nanoparticles in formulation development for AD treatment.