EP06.40: Analysis of prenatally detected fetal tumours: a single‐centre experience

Fetal tumours pose a significant clinical challenge due to their diverse histology, variable presentations, and potential for adverse outcomes. This study aims to describe the imaging characteristics, complications, and prognosis of these heterogenous group of neoplasms. Our study would contribute to the growing body of evidence guiding prognostic discussions and therapeutic strategies for families facing the diagnosis of fetal tumours. This was a retrospective single-centre study of prenatally diagnosed fetal tumours identified in our electronic database of antenatal scans from 2011 to 2023. The tumours were classified according to their location and histology. Other variables collected were the gestational age at diagnosis and delivery, ultrasound characteristics and in-utero effects, mode of delivery, disease confirmation, fetal and neonatal survival. We excluded simple abdominal cysts and those cases which were lost to follow up after the initial scan. Sixty Fetal tumours were diagnosed during our study period. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 26 wks. Lymphangiomas (16/60, 26.6%) and rhabdomyomas (14/60, 23%) comprised half of the tumour histology. The other tumours diagnosed were Sacrococcygeal teratoma (13.3%), Neuroblastoma (6.6%), Fetal goitre (15%), Hemangioma(5%), Complex ovarian cyst (3.3%). We had 1 case each of Hepatoblastoma, Mucocele and Teratoma of the face. Common complications noted were Polyhydramnios, Fetal arrhythmia, Hydrops and Fetal Anemia. Four cases had associated anomalies. The overall survival rate was 71.6%. Out of the 43 babies born alive, 12 underwent postnatal surgeries and 38 are alive and healthy now. It is of critical importance for the diagnostic physician to be familiar with imaging features and pathophysiological characteristics of fetal tumours. This will aid in counselling the family, improve prenatal management, and facilitate immediate postnatal treatment.