EP09.68: Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of idiopathic infantile arterial calcification: a case report

Idiopathic infantile arterial calcification (IIAC) is a rare autosomal recessive disease. The main features of the lesion were deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals in the elastic layer of the large and medium-sized arteries, rupture of elastic fibres, and extensive fibrous hyperplasia in the intima. IIAC usually has a very rapid and fatal course. About 85% of cases dying in the first 6 months of life. IIAC It is difficult to diagnose prenatally. We retrospectively review a case of fetal IIAC, a 28-year-old pregnant woman, G4P1, at 28 weeks of gestation, The fetal echocardiography revealed a dilated heart. The cardiothoracic area ratio is 0.52. The atrial and ventricular wall were thickening, and the cardiac systolic function decreased. The mitral and tricuspid valves were echogenic and regurgitant. The walls of the aorta and its branches, the pulmonary artery and its branches were unevenly thickened and echogenic. Considering the poor prognosis of the disease, the pregnant woman decided to induce labour. The diagnosis was confirmed by X-ray examination and microscopy after induction of labour. Prenatal diagnosis of IIAC is rare but possible. When echocardiography shows that the echo of the fetal large artery wall is increased, the possibility of this disease should be considered. In addition, there is often cardiac hypertrophy, decreased cardiac contractility, and pericardial effusion. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.