Analysis of Inundation Flow Characteristics and Risk Assessment in a Subway Model Using Flow Simulations

Subway station platforms are vulnerable to flood damage. Thus, an investigation of inundation in subway platforms is required to ensure the safety of citizens against flooding. This study analyzed and validated the inundation characteristics and safety areas in a subway station model using experimental inundation depth measurements and numerical simulations. Then by using the simulation, the effects of increased inflow to water velocity and depth were analyzed, and its impact on human models was found by using risk assessments which included specific force (M0), Flood Hazard Degree (FD), Flood Intensity Factors (FIF), toppling velocity, and sliding velocity. The flood risk assessment analysis results show that assessments using M0 could increase uncertainty by broadening the evaluation of risky areas compared to other indices. Also, the drag force applied to the human models was calculated using the simulations, which provided inundation risk values to people in subway stations. Overall, the risk assessments would provide a criterion for flood situations in subway stations.