Evaluation of the PROMET model for yield estimation and N fertilization in on-farm research

Satellite-sourced data have become a valuable resource for precision agriculture because they provide crucial insights into various parameters that are essential for effective crop management. An array of practical agricultural tools provides comprehensive data for assessing crop biomass, soil conditions, and plant stress symptoms, predicting yields, and performing other functions. Satellite data, when combined with in situ data from different sources, can significantly enhance biomass and yield estimations. The ability of the “PROcesses of radiation, Mass and Energy Transfer” (PROMET) model to predict crop biomass and grain yield and to optimize nitrogen fertilization during the vegetation period was investigated. Field trials were conducted to assess the accuracy and limitations of biomass and yield predictions. The predicted yields were sufficiently accurate on a whole-field basis, and site-specific values showed strong correlations. In additional field trials with different fertilization strategies, the highest yield and nitrogen efficiency were observed for the PROMET-based strategy. Additional experiments with different crops and greater durations are needed to draw a more reliable conclusion.