Advancing sustainable quinolines synthesis via ZnIn2S4 heterogeneous photocatalysis

In this study, we report a sustainable, visible light and heterogeneous photocatalytic system to address these issues, using the ternary sulfide ZnIn 2 S 4 (ZIS) as a photoredox catalyst. Our protocol uses visible light irradiation to activate the photoredox catalyst, generating acyl radicals from aldehydes. The methodology demonstrated a broad substrate scope and commendable recyclability. The method also proved capable of scaling to the gram level while maintaining high efficiency, thus highlighting the robustness and reusability of ZIS. This work not only proposes a novel method for the heterogeneous photocatalytic Minisci-type alkylation reaction, but also contributes a valuable approach towards enhancing the efficacy and sustainability of photocatalysts within the pharmaceutical industry. A novel heterogeneous ZnIn 2 S 4 photocatalyzed Minisci type C-H functionalization of N-heteroarenes was constructed, affording diverse functionalized heterocycles with high and enduring photocatalytic activity.