Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Annona Squamosa Linn on the Lipid Profile and Renal Function of Acetaminophen Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats

This study was aimed at investigating the effect of ethanol leaf extract of Annona squamosa on the lipid profile and renal function of acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats.Liver damage was induced by oral administration of 2g/kg body weight of acetaminophen for seven days in group 4 and treated for 14 days, groups 3 and 5 were given paracetamol (2g/kg body weight) alongside silymarin and A. squamosa leaf extract for 21 days respectively.Group 2 were given acetaminophen for 21 days and left untreated.The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in K, Na, Cl, urea and creatinine levels in group 2 compared with group 1(normal control) and a significant (p < 0.05) decreased in all the treated groups compared with group 2 (hepatotoxic group).There was no significant (p < 0.05) difference in the level of CHOL in group 2 compared with group 1 but TAG significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in groups 3,5, and 6 compared with the group 2. RBC, HGB, HCT and PLT significantly (< 0.05) decrease in group 2 compared with group 1 but significantly (< 0.05) increased in all the treated groups compared with group 2 while WBC was significantly increased in group 2 compared with group 1. Annona squamosa was found to alter the negative effect of paracetamol induced toxicity in all the treated groups which suggest that it could be have a positive effect in treatment of cardiovascular disease, renal dysfunction and may also be useful in haematopoiesis.