Dynamic industrial risks assessment for enhanced safety in the oil and gas industry: a methodological innovations and applications

In recent years, continued and accelerated growth in the oil and gas sector has significantly contributed to catastrophic accidents in various regions of Algeria, especially those with high population densities. Therefore, assessing the risks associated with these industries is crucial to prevent such disasters. This study introduces a methodology integrating several Quantitative Risk Assessment techniques, such as Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis, Event Tree Analysis, and the Bow-Tie method, coupled with simulation tools (ALOHA and FLUENT). This integration created a Dynamic Industrial Risk Assessment Methodology (DIRAM), a comprehensive approach to assessing industrial risk consequences in the oil and gas industries. The study demonstrates DIRAM's effectiveness in understanding the dynamics of catastrophic events. It provides a visual representation of CO2 plume and heat dispersion after a Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE), emphasising the importance of spatial-temporal awareness in risk assessment and emergency response. DIRAM offers a valuable basis for preventing and managing potential risks and reinforcing safety measures at hydrocarbon plants.