Major Debates Between V.D. Savarkar and M.S. Golwalkar: Diverging Visions of Hindutva

Abstract This article explores the intellectual and ideological debates between Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and Madhav Sadashiv Golwalkar, two pivotal figures in the Hindutva movement. Although both are cornerstones of Hindu nationalism, their views diverged significantly on key issues such as the role of the state, the inclusion of non-Hindus, and the methods for realizing a Hindu Rashtra. By analyzing their writings and speeches, this article elucidates the major differences in their thoughts and assesses the implications for the broader Hindutva movement. Keywords Hindutva, Ethnic Nationalism, Cultural Nationalism, Savarkar, Golwalkar