Physico-chemical Characterization of Well and Borehole Water in the Municipality of Seme-Podji

Water is essential for life on earth. The body's main source of water is drinking water. Water used for food must not contain any pathogenic germs or toxic elements. The aim of this study is to assess the physico-chemical parameters of well and borehole water in the commune of Seme-Podji, in order to raise awareness. A field survey was therefore carried out in 60 households in 13 neighborhoods in the 4 arrondissements of the municipality, most of which are not covered by the SONEB distribution network, by means of questionnaires and direct observation in the field. The information collected made it possible to identify the sources of water pollution, the treatments given to the water before it is consumed, the method of storage, the frequency and method of cleaning the storage tanks and the diseases affecting the population in these areas. A total of twenty-three water samples, including 12 from wells and 11 from boreholes, were taken and analyzed for physico-chemical quality using standardized methods at the DNSP-affiliated Water and Food Quality Control Laboratory in Xwlacodji. The R2V7LENT analysis results show that 28.26% of these waters have unsatisfactory organoleptic characteristics. These waters are generally very "soft" and "aggressive", with a significant mineralogical imbalance, characterized by a deficit of F-, Ca2+, Mg2+; an excess of NO2- content and a possible additive effect of NO2- and NO3-, which is one of the most serious issues from a nutritional point of view. The water studied is of poor quality, even unfit for consumption. They are a potential source of waterborne disease epidemics. These waters need to be treated before consumption in order to remove the threat, they pose to public health.